Tham khảo Hệ_sinh_thái_biển

  1. ↑ “Oceanic Institute”. www.oceanicinstitute.org. 
  2. ↑ “Ocean Habitats and Information”. National Geographic. 
  3. ↑ “Facts and figures on marine biodiversity”. www.unesco.org. 
  4. 1 2 3 4 “What is a Salt Marsh?” (PDF). New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services. 2004. 
  5. 1 2 “What is a salt marsh?”. US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 
  6. 1 2 “What is a mangrove forest?”. US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 
  7. 1 2 3 “Mangroves”. Smithsonian Ocean. 
  8. 1 2 3 4 “What is the intertidal zone?”. US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 
  9. 1 2 “What is an estuary?”. US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 
  10. 1 2 “Estuaries, NOS Education Offering”. US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 
  11. ↑ “Estuaries”. www.crd.bc.ca. 
  12. ↑ “What is a lagoon?”. US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 
  13. 1 2 3 4 “Lagoons and Estuaries” (PDF). International Union for Conservation of Nature. 
  14. ↑ “Corals and Coral Reefs”. Ocean Portal | Smithsonian. 12 tháng 9 năm 2012. 
  15. 1 2 “The Deep Sea”. Ocean Portal | Smithsonian. 24 tháng 7 năm 2012. 
  16. ↑ “The Benthic Zone”. Ecosystems. 
  17. 1 2 3 “Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, Marine Systems” (PDF). 
  18. ↑ “Ecosystem Services | Mapping Ocean Wealth”. oceanwealth.org. 
  19. ↑ “Status of and Threat to Coral Reefs | International Coral Reef Initiative”. https://www.icriforum.org/. 
  20. 1 2 3 “Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, Coastal Systems” (PDF). 
  21. ↑ “Present state and future of the world's mangrove forests”. Environmental Conservation. 
  22. ↑ “Coral Reefs”. Ocean Health Index. 
  23. ↑ “Reefs at Risk Revisited”. World Resources Institute. 
  24. ↑ “Ecosystem Overfishing in the Ocean”. 
  25. ↑ “Decline of coastal apex shark populations over the past half century”. Communications Biology. 
  26. ↑ “Threats to Coral Reefs”. US EPA. 

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